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RICHARD WEIKART: DARWINISM AND UNREASON

"Nowhere do I argue that Darwinism leads inevitably to Hitler, that there is a logical necessity there, or to the Holocaust. To state the obvious, neither Darwin, nor most Darwinists are Nazis ... In fact, in my book I don't even really make a philosophical argument, I make an historical argument about looking at how Darwinists themselves applied the ideas of Darwinism. So this isn't my philosophical spin on what Darwinism should imply, or might imply or even must imply. Rather I'm saying this is how Darwinists looked at Darwinism in its implications for human life and human death ... the readers themselves need to try to think about what the logic is of these Darwinian thinkers ... I happen to think there is a certain kind of logic to it. But whether one agrees or disagrees with that viewpoint and whether one agrees or disagrees with these Darwinists who I'm going to talk about, who did devalue human life, the historical impact of their ideas on Western culture has been immense ... There's a book by a scholar named Daniel Gasman [Daniel E. Gasman (1933 - 2012), The Scientific Origins of National Socialism: Social Darwinism in Ernst Haeckel and the German Monist League, London/New York: Macdonald and American Elsevier, 1971], who's not taken very seriously by most historians, who does try to draw a very direct line from Ernst Haeckel, who was the leading German Darwinist, to Hitler. And he does it in ways that don't really make a lot of sense. I agree with a lot of the criticisms that have been leveled at him, so I was a little wary of making that kind of connection.

Nonetheless I obviously did make the connection ultimately, and I believe it was a case of being driven there by the empirical data that turned up time and again, and brought me to the point where I made the connection, but I think in a much more subtle and more truthful way, perhaps, than Daniel Gasman had ... Historically, Darwinism has indeed devalued human life, leading to ideologies that promote the destruction of human life deemed less valuable or unfit ... Those in the forefront promoting abortion, infanticide, euthanasia and racial extermination often overtly base their ideas on Darwinism ... There are of course various religious and philosophical moves that someone could make to evade these conclusions, and some Darwinists have in the past, and some still do today, vigorously oppose these kind of developments of devaluing human life, and for this we can be thankful: They construe them often as faulty extrapolations by overzealous Darwinian materialists, perhaps. However, it still does seem to me that there is some kind of inherent logic in the move that these Darwinists are making in undermining the sanctity of life ethic and if you think about the six points that I raised, I think there is a certain kind of logic to that, whether one agrees with that move or not, that does make this a very alluring view, and so I really doubt that this kind of view of [Darwinian] devaluing of human life is going to disappear as long as Darwinism is ascendant. Because Darwinism has profound implications for our views of humans and what it means to be human, and human nature, life and death, it seems to me implausible to maintain that Darwinism can be fully disentangled from ethics or religion."

Richard Weikart, "From Darwin to Hitler," YouTube: University of California Television (UCTV), 24 April 2008.

See also: Richard Weikart, Darwinian Racism: How Darwinism Influenced Hitler, Nazism, and White Nationalism, Seattle, Washington, Discovery Institute Press, 2022; Richard Weikart, Hitler's Religion: The Twisted Beliefs That Drove the Third Reich, Washington, District of Columbia, Regnery History, 2016; Richard Weikart, Hitler's Ethic: The Nazi Pursuit of Evolutionary Progress, Basingstoke/New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2009; Richard Weikart, From Darwin to Hitler: Evolutionary Ethics, Eugenics, and Racism in Germany, New York, Palgrave Macmillan, 2004; Richard Weikart, "Progress Through Racial Extermination: Social Darwinism, Eugenics, and Pacifism in Germany, 1860-1918," German Studies Review, 26.2(May, 2003): 273- 294; Richard Weikart, Socialist Darwinism: Evolution in German Socialist Thought From Marx to Bernstein, San Francisco, California/London, England, International Scholars Publications, 1999; Richard Weikart, "A Recently Discovered Darwin Letter on Social Darwinism," Isis, 86.4(December, 1995): 609-611; Richard Weikart, "The Origins of Social Darwinism in Germany, 1859-1895," Journal of the History of Ideas, 54.3(July, 1993): 469-488.

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